Composition and role of the outer layer in biogenic selenium nanoparticles

s mixed-signal systems, by integrating digital and analog components in a homogeneous virtual platform model for efficient simulation. This can be achieved thanks to: 1) an automatic abstraction technique for analog components, allowing to preserve only the details meaningful for the functional behavior of the entireion technique for analog components, allowing to preserve only the details meaningful for the functional behavior of the entire platform by moving complexity from simulation to generation time and 2) a novel scheduling technique that exploits temporal decoupling and synchronization of digital and analog processes, to simulate them together in a homogeneous model. This methodology allows the efficient interconnection of analog and digital domains, and provides a means to simplify the simulation of analog components. The first methodology is an enabling factor for the second methodology implementing an automatic procedure which: 1) injects faults in an analog circuit, 2) abstracts both faulty and fault-free models from the circuit to the functional level and 3) builds an efficient fault simulation framework. The abstraction process, which preserves the faulty behaviors, allows to reach a speed-up of some orders of magnitude and thus, making feasible an extensive analog faults campaign.